Figures
- Figure 1A: Combined Reversal
Rate on State Direct Appeal,State Post-Conviction and Federal Habeas,
1973-95
- Figure 1B:Combined Reversal
Rate for Completed Stages of Review, 1973-95
- Figure 2A:Combined Reversal
Rate for State Direct Appeal and Federal Habeas by Year of Review, 1973-95
- Figure 2B:Combined Reversal
Rate for State Direct Appeal and Federal Habeas by Year of Death Verdict,
1973-89
- Figure 2C:Direct Appeal Reversal
Rate by Year of Review, 1973-1995
- Figure 2D:Direct Appeal Reversal
Rate by Year of Death Verdict, 1973-1993
- Figure 3A:Known State Post-Conviction
Reversals by Year, 1973-2000
- Figure 3B:New Death Verdicts
by Year, 1973-2000
- Figure 4:Percent of Capital
Verdicts Reversed on State Direct Appeal or State Post-Conviction and
on Federal Habeas, 1973-95
- Figure 5: Percent of Death
Verdicts Reversed by Selected State Direct Appeal and Federal Habeas Courts,
1973-95
- Figure 6:Percent Death Verdicts
Carried Out (Nonconsensual Executions), 1973-95
- Figure 7A:Persons on Death
Row by Year, 1974-2001
- Figure 7B:Number of Executions
by Year, 1974-2001
- Figure 7C: Percent of Death
Row Executed by Year, 1974-2001
- Figure 8A:Outcomes Following
Arrest for Homicides Committed From 1973 to 1995 in States with the Death
Penalty
- Figure 8B:Known Outcomes, Three
Stages of State and Federal Court Review
- Figure 9: Overall Error Rate
and Percent of Death Verdicts Carried Out (Nonconsensual Executions),
1973-1995
- Figure 10: Average Time to
Final Federal Habeas Reversals and Affirmances, by Year of Final Decision,
1981-1995
- Figure 11: Death Verdicts per
1000 Homicides, 1973-95
- Figure 12: Percent of Death
Verdicts Reversed on State Direct Appeal, 1973-95
- Figure 13: Percent of Death
Verdicts Reversed on State Direct Appeal or State Post-Conviction, 1973-95
- Figure 14: Percent of Death
Row Verdicts Reversed on Federal Habeas Review, 1973-95
- Figure 15: Percent of Death
Verdicts Reversed on Federal Habeas by Selected Circuits and Their States,
1973-951
- Figure 16:Combined Reversal
Rate for Completed Stages of Review, 1973-95
- Figure 17:Years from First
Death Verdict to First Nonconsensual Execution, 1973-2000
- Figure 18: Average Years from
Death Verdict to Execution, 1973-95
- Figure 19:Average Number of
Death Verdicts Awaiting Review, 1973-95
- Figure 20:Nonconsensual Executions
per 1000 Homicides, 1973-95
- Figure 21:Percent Death Verdicts
Carried Out (Nonconsensual Executions), 1973-95
- Figure 22A:(Analysis 1A) Probability of
Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) Based
on Backlog of Capital Verdicts Awaiting Review, Holding Other Factors
Constant
- Figure 22B:(Analysis 1B) Probability of
Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) Based
on Backlog of Capital Verdicts Awaiting Review, Holding Other Factors
Constant
- Figure 22C: (Analysis 2A) Effect on Reversal
Rate (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) of Backlog
of Capital Verdicts Awaiting Review, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 22D: (Analysis 2B) Effect on Reversal
Rate (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) of Backlog
of Capital Verdicts Awaiting Review, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 23A: (Analysis 1A) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages)
Based on Four Factor Measure of Net State Court Caseloads, Holding Other
Factors Constant
- Figure 23B: (Analysis 1B) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages)
Based on Four Factor Measure of Net State Court Caseloads, Holding Other
Factors Constant
- Figure 23C: (Analysis 2A) Effect on Reversal
Rate (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) of Four
Factor Measure of Net State Court Caseloads, Holding OtherFactors Constant
- Figure 23D: (Analysis 2B) Effect on Reversal
Rate (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) of All
State Court Cases Awaiting Decision, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 24A: (Analysis 1A) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages)
Based on Year Death Sentence Was Imposed, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 24B: (Analysis 1B) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages)
Based on Year Death Sentence Was Imposed, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 24C: (Analysis 2A) Effect of Reversal
Rate (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) of Year
Death Sentence Was Imposed, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 24D: (Analysis 2B) Effect of Reversal
Rate (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) of Year
Death Sentence Was Imposed, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 25A: (Analysis 1A) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages)
Based on Proportion of African-Americans in State Population, Holding
OtherFactors Constant
- Figure 25B: (Analysis 1B) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages)
Based on Proportion of African-Americans in State Population, Holding
OtherFactors Constant
- Figure 25C: (Analysis 2A) Effect of Reversal
Rate (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) of Proportion
of African-Americans in State Population, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 25D: (Analysis 2B) Effect of Reversal
Rate (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) of Year
of African-Americans in State Population, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 26A:(Analysis 1A) Probability of
Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) Based
on Risk of Homicide to Whites Versus Blacks, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 26B:(Analysis 1B) Probability of
Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) Based
on Risk of Homicide to Whites Versus Blacks, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 26C: (Analysis 2A) Effect on Reversal
Rate (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) of Risk
of Homicide to Whites Versus Blacks, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 26D: (Analysis 2B) Effect on Reversal
Rate (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) of Risk
of Homicide to Whites Versus Blacks, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 27A:(Analysis 1A) Probability of
Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) Based
on State Death Sentencing Rate, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 27B:(Analysis 1B) Probability of
Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) Based
on State Death Sentencing Rate, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 27C: (Analysis 2A) Effect on Reversal
Rate (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) of State
Death Sentencing Rate, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 27D: (Analysis 2B) Effect on Reversal
Rate (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) of State
Death Sentencing Rate, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 28A: (Analysis 1A) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages)
Based on Rate of Arrest, Conviction and Imprisonment Per Serious Crime,
Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 28B: (Analysis 1B) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages)
Based on Rate of Arrest, Conviction and Imprisonment Per Serious Crime,
Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 28C: (Analysis 2A) Effect of Reversal
Rate (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) of Rate
of Arrest, Conviction and Imprisonment Per Serious Crime, Holding Other
Factors Constant
- Figure 28D: (Analysis 2B) Effect of Reversal
Rate (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) of Rate
of Arrest, Conviction and Imprisonment Per Serious Crime, Holding Other
Factors Constant
- Figure 29A:(Analysis 1A) Probability of
Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) Based
on Method of Selecting State Judges, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 29B:(Analysis 1B) Probability of
Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) Based
on Method of Selecting State Judges, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 29C: (Analysis 2A) Effect on Reversal
Rate (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) of Method
of Selecting State Judges, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 29D: (Analysis 2B) Effect on Reversal
Rate (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) of Method
of Selecting State Judges, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 30A: (Analysis 1A) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages)
Based on State Population Structure, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 30B: (Analysis 1B) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages)
Based on State Population Structure, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 30C: (Analysis 2A) Effect of Reversal
Rate (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) of State
Population Structure, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 30D: (Analysis 2B) Effect of Reversal
Rate (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) of State
Population Structure, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 31A: (Analysis 3A) Probability of
Reversal (as proportion of reviewed verdicts; direct appeal stage) Based
on Backlog of Capital Verdicts Awaiting Review, Holding Other Factors
Constant
- Figure 31B: (Analysis 4A) Effect on Reversal
Rate (as proportion of reviewed verdicts; direct appeal stage) of Backlog
of Capital Verdicts Awaiting Review, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 32A: (Analysis 3A) Probability of
Reversal (as proportion of reviewed verdicts; direct appeal stage) Based
on Year Death Sentence was Imposed, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 32B: (Analysis 4A) Effect on Reversal
Rate (as proportion of reviewed verdicts; direct appeal stage) of Year
Death Sentence was Imposed, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 33A: (Analysis 3A) Probability of
Reversal (as proportion of reviewed verdicts; direct appeal stage) Based
on Proportion of African-Americans in State Population, Holding Other
Factors Constant
- Figure 33B: (Analysis 4A) Effect on Reversal
Rate (as proportion of reviewed verdicts; direct appeal stage) of Proportion
of African-Americans in State Population, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 34A: (Analysis 3A) Probability of
Reversal (as proportion of reviewed verdicts; direct appeal stage) Based
on Risk of Homicide to Whites Versus Blacks, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 34B: (Analysis 4A) Effect on Reversal
Rate (as proportion of reviewed verdicts; direct appeal stage) of Risk
of Homicide to Whites Versus Blacks, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 35A: (Analysis 3A) Probability of
Reversal (as proportion of reviewed verdicts; direct appeal stage) Based
on State Death Sentencing Rate, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 35B: (Analysis 4A) Effect on Reversal
Rate (as proportion of reviewed verdicts; direct appeal stage) of State
Death Sentencing Rate, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 36A: (Analysis 3A) Probability of
Reversal (as proportion of reviewed verdicts; direct appeal stage) Based
on Rate of Arrest, Conviction and Imprisonment Per Serious Crime, Holding
Other Factors Constant
- Figure 36B: (Analysis 4A) Effect on Reversal
Rate (as proportion of reviewed verdicts; direct appeal stage) of Rate
of Arrest, Conviction and Imprisonment Per Serious Crime, Holding Other
Factors Constant
- Figure 37A: (Analysis 3A) Probability of
Reversal (as proportion of reviewed verdicts; direct appeal stage) Based
on Method of Selecting State Judges, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 37B: (Analysis 4A) Effect on Reversal
Rate (as proportion of reviewed verdicts; direct appeal stage) of Method
of Selecting State Judges, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 38A: (Analysis 3A) Probability of
Reversal (as proportion of reviewed verdicts; direct appeal stage) Based
on State Population Structure, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 38B: (Analysis 4A) Effect on Reversal
Rate (as proportion of reviewed verdicts; direct appeal stage) of State
Population Structure, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 39A: (Analysis 3A) Probability of
Reversal (as proportion of reviewed verdicts; direct appeal stage) Based
on State Per Capita Spending on Courts,Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 39B: (Analysis 4A) Effect on Reversal
Rate (as proportion of reviewed verdicts; direct appeal stage) of State
Per Capita Spending on Courts, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 40A: (Analysis 6A) Probability of
Reversal (as proportion of verdicts available for review; state post-conviction
stage) Based on Year Death Sentence Was Imposed, Holding Other Factors
Constant
- Figure 40B: (Analysis 6A) Probability of
Reversal (as proportion of verdicts available for review; state post-conviction
stage) Based on State Welfare Recipients and Spending, Holding Other
Factors Constant
- Figure 40C-1: (Analysis 6A) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of verdicts available for review; state post-conviction
stage) Based on Method of Selecting State Judges, Holding Other Factors
Constant
- Figure 40C-2: (Analysis 6B) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of verdicts available for review; state post-conviction
stage) Based on Method of Selecting State Judges, Holding Other Factors
Constant
- Figure 40D: (Analysis 6A) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of verdicts available for review; state post-conviction
stage) Based on State Population Structure, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 41A: (Analysis 15A) Effect on Reversal
Rate (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) of Backlog
of Capital Verdicts Awaiting Review, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 41B: (Analysis 15A) Effect on Reversal
Rate (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) of Four
Factor Measure of Net State Court Caseloads, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 41C: (Analysis 15A) Effect on Reversal
Rate (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) of State
Death Sentencing Rate, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 41D-1: (Analysis 15A) Effect
on Reversal Rate (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages)
of Proportion of African-Americans in State Population, Holding Other
Factors Constant
- Figure 41D-2: (Analysis 15B) Effect
on Reversal Rate (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages)
of Proportion of African-Americans in State Population, Holding Other
Factors Constant
- Figure 41E-2: (Analysis 15B) Effect
on Reversal Rate (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages)
of Homicide Rate, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 41F-1: (Analysis 15A) Effect on
Reversal Rate (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages)
of Risk of Homicide to Whites Versus Blacks, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 41F-2: (Analysis 15B) Effect on
Reversal Rate (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages)
of Risk of Homicide to Whites Versus Blacks, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 41G: (Analysis 15A) Effect on Reversal
Rate (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) of Rate
of Arrest, Conviction and Imprisonment Per Serious Crime, Holding Other
Factors Constant
- Figure 41H: (Analysis 15A) Effect on Reversal
Rate (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) of Method
of Selecting State Judges, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 41I: (Analysis 15A) Effect on Reversal
Rate (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) of State
Population Structure, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 42A:Percent of Counties
in 34 Active Capital States That Imposed No Death Verdicts, 1973-1995
- Figure 42B:Counties with at Least One Death
Sentence in 1973-1995, Counties in Death-Penalty States with No Death
Sentences
- Figure 43A: (Analysis 8A) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages)
Based on Backlog of Capital Verdicts Awaiting Review, Holding Other
Factors Constant
- Figure 43B: (Analysis 10A) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of reviewed verdicts; direct appeal stage)
Based on Backlog of Capital Verdicts Awaiting Review, Holding Other
Factors Constant
- Figure 43C: (Analysis 8A) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages)
Based on State Death Sentencing Rate, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 43D: (Analysis 10A) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of reviewed verdicts; direct appeal stage)
Based on State Death sentencing Rate, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 43E: (Analysis 8A) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages)
Based on Proportion of African-Americans in State Population, Holding
Other Factors Constant
- Figure 43F: (Analysis 10A) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of reviewed verdicts; direct appeal stage)
Based on Proportion of African-Americans in State Population, Holding
Other Factors Constant
- Figure 43G: (Analysis 8A) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages)
Based on Risk of Homicide to Whites Versus Blacks, Holding Other Factors
Constant
- Figure 43H: (Analysis 10A) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of reviewed verdicts; direct appeal stage)
Based on Risk of Homicide to Whites Versus Blacks, Holding Other Factors
Constant
- Figure 43I: (Analysis 8A) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages)
Based on Method of Selecting State Judges, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 43J: (Analysis 10A) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of reviewed verdicts; direct appeal stage)
Based on Method of Selecting State Judges, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 43K: (Analysis 8A) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages)
Based on Rate of Arrest, Conviction and Imprisonment Per Serious Crime,
Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 43L: (Analysis 10A) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of reviewed verdicts; direct appeal stage)
Based on Rate of Arrest, Conviction and Imprisonment Per Serious Crime,
Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 43M: (Analysis 10A) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of reviewed verdicts; direct appeal stage)
Based on State Population Structure, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 43N: (Analysis 8A) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages)
Based on Four Factor Measure of Net State Court Caseloads, Holding Other
Factors Constant
- Figure 43O: (Analysis 8A) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages)
Based on Homicide Rates, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 43P: (Analysis 8A) Probability of
Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages) Based
on Year Death Sentence Was Imposed, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 43Q: (Analysis 10A) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of reviewed verdicts; direct appeal stage)
Based on Year Death Sentence Was Imposed, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 44A: (Analysis 16A) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages)
Based on Backlog of Capital Verdicts Awaiting Review, Holding Other
Factors Constant
- Figure 44B: (Analysis 16A) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages)
Based on State Death Sentencing Rate, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 44C: (Analysis 16A) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages)
Based on Proportion of African-Americans in State Population, Holding
Other Factors Constant
- Figure 44D: (Analysis 16A) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages)
Based on Risk of Homicide to Whites Versus Blacks, Holding Other Factors
Constant
- Figure 44E: (Analysis 16A) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages)
Based on Method of Selecting State Judges, Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 44F: (Analysis 16A) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages)
Based on Rate of Arrest, Conviction and Imprisonment Per Serious Crime,
Holding Other Factors Constant
- Figure 44G: (Analysis 16A) Probability
of Reversal (as proportion of imposed verdicts; all 3 review stages)
Based on State Population Structure, Holding Other Factors Constant
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